THE ANTIHISTAMINE SUBSTANCE 2786 R.P.

Antihistamine Toxicosis

Antihistamines are H1-receptor antagonists widely used in human and veterinary medicine to provide symptomatic relief of allergic signs caused by histamine release, including pruritus and anaphylactic reactions. Antihistamines are also commonly used as sedatives and antiemetics. 1 Antihistamines can be divided into first and second-generation (also called nonsedating) agents (Table 1). First-ge...

Antihistamine use in children.

This review provides an overview of the use of antihistamines in children. We discuss types of histamine receptors and their mechanism of action, absorption, onset and duration of action of first-generation and second-generation H(1)-antihistamines, as well as elimination of H(1)-antihistamines which has important implications for dosing in children. The rationale for the use of H(1)-antihistam...

Histamine and antihistamine substances.

Central effects of the H1-antihistamine, cetirizine.

BACKGROUND Effects of the H1-antihistamine, cetirizine, were studied on daytime alertness and performance to establish whether the drug would be suitable for use by air personnel and others involved in skilled activity. METHODS The investigation was carried out in six healthy volunteers, and the effects of the drug (5, 10, and 15 mg) were studied on sleep latency, subjective sleepiness, digit...

Bronchodilatation after inhalation of the antihistamine clemastine.

H1 receptor blocking antihistamines administered by mouth have not found a clear place in the management of bronchial asthma. We investigated the possibility that higher concentrations of these drugs, administered directly to the bronchial tree, might produce bronchodilatation. Twelve asthmatic patients inhaled aerosols generated from solutions of clemastine (0.05%), salbutamol (0.5%), and plac...